SPATIAL PATTERN OF PORTS GRAIN SHIPPING AND DYNAMICS IN CHINA
GOU Qian1, WANG Cheng-jin2,3, CHENG Jia-jia2,3
1. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Abstract：Grain transportation has always been an important issue related to China's livelihood. As an important node in the grain logistics network, the port plays an important role in the balance of regional grain production differences and the supply and demand allocation. After a brief review of research progress at home and abroad, the author finds that the researches almost focus on container ports, while the grain transportation and its spatial pattern has not yet attracted attention. And the law and its regional dynamic mechanism also lack scientific investigation. Therefore, we choose all Chinese ports as the study subject, analyzing the transport pattern. And from angles of entering and leaving, import and export, we deeply study on the functions and changes of Chinese ports in regional grain allocation and international trade, and summarize the main features, evolution laws and spatial patterns. The study finds that:1) China port's throughput of grain transportation continues to grow, and the number of the ports is increasing. the grain transportation is grouped in the Bohai sea, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta region, while inland ports' scale are much smaller, showing significant pattern of "coastal ports are the primary, inland ports are the secondary". 2) In terms of leaving, the size of the China's grain total outbound volume is small, but since 1982 has been rising. 3) From angles of entering, the volume of port inbound has been rising steadily since 1995. Especially after 2007, it grows rapidly and broke through one hundred million tons in 2010. 4) For grain exportation, the volume has always been small, which is concentrated in 1984-2007 years. 5) China has always relied on imports to make up for the lack of grain.
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